Cement Energy Environment

62 Hence, by substituting fossil fuel with alternative fuel, the cement industry can reduce its carbon footprint, make the society cleaner by consuming waste, preserve natural resources and at the same time minimize its cement production cost. On the other hand, there are some process challenges like poor heat distribution, unstable pre-calciner Picture 1: Different type of alternate fuels Table 1: Lower Heat Value (LHV) of different type of alternative fuels operations, higher SO 2 , NOx and CO emission, dusty kilns and a significant fraction of alternative fuels produce incombustible material that forms fly ashes during firing and a high extent of volatile matter such as alkalis (sodium and potassium), sulfur and chlorides which may occur in different proportions depending on the combination of fuels.