Cement, Energy and Environment

42  Sales Plan & Capacity Utilisation over a period of ten years.  Financial Analysis & Profitability  Operational Performance for a period of eight years - EBITDA  Profitability - PAT over a period of eight years.  Economic Indicators – Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit to Net Sales, Debt Equity Ratio, Debt Service Coverage Ratio, Break Even Point , Internal Rate of Return (IRR %) , Pay Back Period.  Sensitivity Analysis.  Fund Flow and Project Balance Sheet.  Project Implementation Schedule (PERT) for Main Activities - Basic Engineering.  Tendering and Finalisation of various contracts.  Design Engineering.  Civil Construction.  Plant & Equipment Delivery.  Mechanical Erection.  Electrical & Instrumentation Erection.  No Load Trials.  Load Trials & Plant Commissioning.  Performance Guarantee Test. Project Planning A project has multiple variables and controlling these variables is key to success in project implementation. Meticulous planning of all the activities to micro level and scheduling it taking care of interdependency is the road map to successful project. Tools used to plan & schedule should be simple to understand by the field engineers & supervisors. 1. Plant Design Criteria Design criteria for the plant need to follow the relevant standards prescribed by the country. 1.1. Rainwater Drainage Depending on the rainfall geo graphics of the site, should be adequately designed outside of road to run and get collected for circulation. 1.2. Road Design inside Plant Road inside plant is designed to meet the requirements of operation. Roads is classified as main road and secondary road with side walk of 1.5m to 2.0m Road Type Width m Slope % Design Speed kmph Main 8 - 12 6 20 Secondary 4 - 6 8 20 1.3. Soil Bearing Capacity Tentative soil bearing capacity requirement for different types of structure is SN. Building Name Characteristic of Upper Structure Required Bearing Capacity (kPa) 1 Limestone Crushing Concrete Frame >250 2 Additive Crushing Frame >200 3 Limestone Pre blending Steel net frame or Portal Steel >250 4 Corrective / Additive Pre blending frame Steel net frame or Portal Steel >250 5 Raw Material Handling / Transport frame Multiple Silo >250 6 Raw Mill andWaste Gas Multi-floor Frame >250 7 TreatmentBlending Silo Concrete circular Silo >450 8 Kiln Inlet High steel Frame >450 9 Kiln Mass Concrete >250 10 Cooler & Kiln Outlet Multi-floor Frame >250 11 Raw Coal Pre blending Steel net frame or Portal Steel >250 12 Pulverized Coal Preparation frame Multi-floor Frame >250 13 Clinker Silo Circular concrete Silo >450 14 Cement Mill Multi-floor Frame >250 15 Cement Silo Circular concrete Silo >450 16 Cement Packing Multi-floor Frame >250 Note: When soil bearing capacity do not meet the required value, pile foundation is recommended. Concrete Mix design for foundations, columns and beams will normally be M30, for floors and road will be M25 and for Silos will be M30 & M35 for slip form.