Cement Manufacturers Association (CMA)

57 that are soon poised to saturate at a point well before attainment of net-zero climate targets. The Azonian Process can prove to be a potential boon for a hard-to-abate sector in a developing country like India, empowering industrial actors to achieve their ambitious net-zero goals, while simultaneously creating employment opportunities, generating carbon credit trading options and mitigating the effects of climate change and global warming. Early adopters from industry have to take the initiative to mainstream the aforesaid technology for standardisation, certification and integration into voluntary carbon markets and carbon registries. References 1. Brouwer, P. et al. Growing Azolla to produce sustainable protein feed: the effect of differing species and CO2 concentrations on biomass productivity and chemical composition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 98, 4759–4768 (2018). 2. Adhikari, K., Bhandari, S. & Acharya, S. An overview of azolla in rice production: a review. Reviews in Food and Agriculture 2, 04–08 (2020). 3. Abd El-Aal, A. A. Anabaena-azollae, significance and agriculture application: A case study for symbiotic cyanobacterium. Microbial Syntrophy-Mediated Eco-enterprising 1–14 (2022). 4. Nasir, N. A. N. M., Kamaruddin, S. A., Zakarya, I. A. & Islam, A. K. M. A. Sustainable alternative animal feeds: Recent advances and future perspective of using azolla as animal feed in livestock, poultry and fish nutrition. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 25, 100581 (2022). 5. Golzary, A., Hosseini, A. & Saber, M. Azolla filiculoides as a feedstock for biofuel production: cultivation condition optimisation. Int J Energ Water Res 5, 85–94 (2021). 6. Kaur, P. & Purewal, S. S. Biofertilisers and Their Role in Sustainable Agriculture. in Biofertilisers for Sustainable Agriculture and Environment (eds. Giri, B., Prasad, R., Wu, Q.-S. & Varma, A.) 285–300 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2019). doi:10.1007/978-3-030-18933- 4_12. 7. Shi, L., Liu, L., Yang, B., Sheng, G. & Xu, T. Evaluation of Industrial Urea Energy Consumption (EC) Based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Sustainability 12, 3793 (2020). 8. Hamdan, H. Z. & Houri, A. F. CO2 sequestration by propagation of the fast-growing Azolla spp. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 16912–16924 (2022). 9. Shukla, P. R. et al. Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://doi. org/10.1017/9781009157926 (2022). 10. Chikamoto, M. O., DiNezio, P. & Lovenduski, N. Long-Term Slowdown of Ocean Carbon Uptake by Alkalinity Dynamics. Geophysical Research Letters 50, e2022GL101954 (2023). 11. Chen, C. et al. A striking growth of CO 2 emissions from the global cement industry driven by new facilities in emerging countries. Environ. Res. Lett. 17, 044007 (2022). 12. Sahoo, N. & Kumar, A. Potential assessment of solar industrial process heating and CO2 emission reduction for Indian cement industry. Solar Compass 8, 100064 (2023). 13. Dasgupta, D. & Das, S. Sustainability performance of the Indian cement industry. Clean Techn Environ Policy 23, 1375–1383 (2021). 14. Nitturu, K., Sripathy, P., Yadav, D. & Mallya, H. Evaluating Net-zero for the Indian Cement Industry. 15. Osman, A. I., Hefny, M., Abdel Maksoud, M. I. A., Elgarahy, A. M. & Rooney, D. W. Recent advances in carbon capture storage and utilisation technologies: a review. Environ Chem Lett 19, 797–849 (2021). 16. Qazvini, O. T. & Telfer, S. G. A robust metal– organic framework for post-combustion carbon dioxide capture. J. Mater. Chem. A 8, 12028–12034 (2020). 17. Ben-Mansour, R. et al. Carbon capture by physical adsorption: Materials, experimental investigations and numerical modeling and simulations – A review. Applied Energy 161, 225–255 (2016). 18. Abd, A. A., Naji, S. Z., Hashim, A. S. & Othman, M. R. Carbon dioxide removal through physical adsorption using carbonaceous and non- carbonaceous adsorbents: A review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 8, 104142 (2020). 19. Sreedhar, I., Vaidhiswaran, R., Kamani, Bansi. M. & Venugopal, A. Process and engineering trends in membrane based carbon capture. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 68, 659–684 (2017). 20. Bradshaw, J. et al. CO2 storage capacity estimation: Issues and development of standards. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 1, 62–68 (2007).