Cement Energy Environment

20 • CO 2 emissions estimate from coal based electricity production has risen by 1.8 times in the ten-year period between 2005 to 2015 (figure 2). • Out of 198 gigawatt (GW) of installed capacity of coal-fired power plants in India (as on 31 October 2019), 62.5% is owned and operated by the state. Thus Coal Mining has a major impact on climate change. • Emission Gap Report-2019 shows that for India, the most important step towards a zero carbon future is the phase out of coal based power plants that further expands to other industries that are carbon intensive. • As an alternative, increase of renewable energy will see a boost with regulatory and policy support from the central and state governments. The mining industry generates between 1.9 and 5.1 gigatons of CO 2 equivalent (CO 2 e) of GHG emissions annually. The majority of emissions in this sector originate from fugitive coal-bed methane that is released during coal mining (1.5 to 4.6 gigatons), mainly at underground operations. Power consumption in the mining industry contributes 0.4 gigaton of CO 2 e. Further down the value chain, what could be considered Scope 3 emissions, the metal industry contributes roughly 4.2 gigatons, mainly through steel and aluminum production. Coal combustion for the power sector contributes up to roughly ten gigatons of CO 2 . With the release of India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), on the Low Carbon report over the last few years, the pilot initiative on trading of pollutants from power plants and the mandatory scheme on energy efficiency trading, the discourse regarding the role and involvement of Indian industry in achieving the country’s energy and carbon intensity goals has matured considerably. At the same time, a small number of Indian mining companies are becoming more open to their stakeholders, investors and consumers about their environmental footprint, including carbon footprint, as they realize the business benefits of doing so. The India GHG Program led by WRI India, Confederation of India Industry (CII) and The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) is an industry- led voluntary framework to measure and manage greenhouse gas emissions. The programme builds comprehensive measurement and management strategies to reduce emissions and drive more profitable, competitive and sustainable businesses and organizations in India. The programme is supported by the Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) and Pirojsha Godrej Foundation. The India GHG Program, aims to establish a robust & effective institutional set-up providing access to The program will provide companies with tools and technical assistance to build inventories, based on the GHG Protocol, to reduce emissions and drive more efficient, resilient, & prosperous businesses and organizations. • Internationally recognized and locally relevant GHG measurement and accounting tools CO 2 emissions estimate from coal red power plants CO 2 emissions (tonne) Millions 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2,604 3,435 Year 4,727