Cement, Energy and Environment

mee ng the above schedules and over a period of next 7 years, all the FGD projects of Thermal Power Plants will come on stream. Majority of the Power plants are considering Wet Process FGD technology, using limestone slurry & genera on of Synthe c Gypsum (SG). Flue Gas De-sulfuriza on (FGD) in Power Plants Globally, FGD systems have been installed in many thermal power plants in developed countries FGD plants have been in opera on in US for 40 years. Proven technologies are available for FGD in power plants. The technologies are primarily based on Limestone and Lime products such as Quick Lime or Hydrated Lime. FGD plants based on Wet Process technology, which uses Limestone slurry is the most prevalent technologies in US & China. In this process, the gaseous SOx is absorbed in Limestone slurry with forma on of Synthe c Gypsum. Synthe c Gypsum as subs tute for Mineral Gypsum required by Cement industry, is well established in US, and the following pa ern of usage of SG reflects the usage in cement. The en re demand of Gypsum of Cement Industry in US is met by Synthe c Gypsum generated in FGDs of Power Plants in the country. From the data above, it can be expected, Synthe c Gypsum from FGD's of Thermal Power Plants can become a major source of Gypsum for Indian Cement Industry. It can become a subs tute for imported gypsum consump on by industry and also make up shor alls in supply of mineral gypsum by Indigenous Gypsum mines. Limestone requirements for FGDs The quality requirements of Figure – 1 Gypsum produc on pa ern in US (2016) Figure – 2 Gypsum pa ern consump on in US (2016) Oxides CaO, % SiO2, % MgO, % Limestone specifica on (as per CEA) 45.9-51.0 2.1-4.5 0.9-3.8 49