Cement Energy and Environment

Demand for Ordinary Portland Cement by many consumers including Government agencies Current marketing strategy based on strength rather than sustainability aspects High ash indigenous coal supplied to power plants. Present standard prohibit fly ash use in PPC > 35% Some state PWDs do not allow blended cements use Non availability of high grade limestone Pond ash - issues related to particle size, carbon content in it Lack of awareness Need for amendment in standard to accommodate fly ash containing high alkalies. Key Actions needed to improve clinker factor were identified as following: Government Polluter pays principle for flyash & granulated blast furnace slag use: This view was put forth by the cement sector representatives and related stakeholders in the group - power sector stakeholders in the group were not in agreement with this viewpoint. Performance based standards I application based standards to be considered Hierarchy for blended cements I recycled content in new building code - mandatory codes Increased Government role in promoting environment friendly green cement lncentivise low ash fuels Disincentives for OPC use Transportation of fly ash/slags in rail covered wagons lncentivise for long distance transport for fly ash & granulated blast furnace slag use Companies LCA of products for product labelling Awareness generation Develop tools for individual companies for appropriate product mix Collection of bottom ash in dry state Setting up coal washeries to improve quality of coal Gasification of washery rejects, MSW Others Collaborative research to be undertaken for Portland limestone cement, Portland dolomite cement and cement conta ining other ferrenous /non-ferrenous slags. Improving the quality of fly ash , pre-combustion & post-combustion Mitigation of carbonation in high fly ash concrete Collaborative research on chemical & mechanical activation of fly ash Innovative case studies Use of micro fine silica in cements containing high fly ash content Collaborative Research with cement and admixture products Collaborative R&D with Steel I Power plants Follow up actions • Studies for fly ash standard for using Indonesian coals (containing high alkalines) 54 - I