Cement, Energy and Environment

- : can provide alternative solutions to the hazardous waste management problems, which are handled with high costs in the country. Results and discussions First phase Characterization of waste phosphate sludge and furnace dust The chemical compositions and physical properties of the cement WPS and EAFD are given in Table-1 . WPS, which is defined with code 1101OB in European waste catalogue, is classified as a hazardous waste due to its high Zn and Ni contents. EAFD with code number 100207 is also a hazardous waste having Zn and Pb contents above the allowed limits. Sand Directive Test Petrocake Gypsum(%5) ------------------- Water AceucAdd Fig.2 § f~ :..::~ ,g ~ ~ ~ Water Experimental procedure for testing the wastes as alternative fuel 0,25 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 0,00 ~Zn ...-Ni ..... pH 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 AF<; I WPS (%) 14 12 10 8 ::r: 6 a. 4 2 0 Fig3. Stabilization of waste phosphate sludge with cement (leaching-pH relation) ~---------------------------------, -tr ABT-+I'C II?AFD+I'C -EPA limit 1000 .,_ ABT~ I EA1'D+Iiflt -~r- ABT-t(J)H'Ct-~50VC+~ 100 ~ :.. 10 cO ~ E c .sS N ... 0,1 r i l : 0,01 10 20 30 40 ABTIEAFDtJ, a) Zn Sarmsl /Zn leaching -o- ABT-+I'C/ EAPDf.1C ,._ABJ~/~ JOO -EPAiilil ....... AJT-+CMI'Ct~t- .....} ~ 10 '- .. ~ e .sS 7 A. 0,1 + J 0,01 10 20 30 40 ABT/EAFDtJ, 1000 10 9 100 ° I 7 - ..... 10 ° 6 .. X IS s ... ~ I I ;v: ... : 3 0, 1 j. a " . 2 Za 0,01 I -1-----~ - 0 lO 20 30 40 ABTIEAFD'lo c) pH ~lmi/Change in pH Fig4. Stabilization of furnace dust with cement and lime {leaching-pH relation) 49