Cement, Energy and Environment

Originally Planned Capacity Addition: Prior to the recent developments like the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM), the Working Group on New and Renewable Energy for the 11th plan had specified targeted capacity addition for the 11th plan period and projected capacity addition for the 1 ih and 13 1 h five year plans for RE technologies other than solar (Table 2). The JNNSM Target: Under the JNNSM, ambitious targets have been announced for solar Energy development. The Mission will be implemented in three stages up to 2022 leading to an installed capacity of 20,000 MW of grid-connected solar power capacity, 2000 MW of off-grid solar applications and 20 million sq.m solar thermal collector area (Table 3). The immediate aim of the Mission is to focus on setting up an enabling environment for solar based grid-connected and off– grid technologies, both at the centralized and decentralized level. Courtesy: Green Energy, Mar-April to July-Aug.2010 Pp15-16. Alternative Energy, Fuels & Raw Materials FIRST MSW INCINERATION FACILITY FOR FUEL CONSUMPTION REDUCTION IN CHINA Kenji Takayama, Kawa saki Heavy Industries LTO, Japan Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd (hereafter called 'KHI}, launched the world's first system to achieve a reduction in fuel consumption by introducing a municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration facility to an existing Table 2 Planned RE Capacity Addition for 11'", 12'" and 13"' Five Year Plans Source 11 '" Plan 12'" & 13'" Plans Total (2007 -12) (2012 - 22) Wind SHP Bio-energy 10,500 MW 1400MW 2100 MW 22,500 MW 3140MW 4363 MW 33,000 MW 4540MW 6463MW Total 44,003 MW Table 3 Targets specified under JNNSM Application Target Segment Phase I (201 0- Phase II Phase Ill 13) (2013-17) (2017 -22) Solar Thermal ?million Collector sq.m ~SOlar 200MW AppHca.tiOn8 Grid- connected 100MW Rooftop Solar cement plant. This new system is called the CKK system and it was developed by KHI and its joint venture company established with the largest Chinese cement company, CONCH Cement. Two procedures carried out simultaneously - Waste Disposal & Cement Manufacturing • Crusing wastes -+ Collecting metals from wastes -+ Gasifying the wastes -+Putting gas in cement production. • Utilizing pyrolysis gas as fuel for cement production and unburned char as cement raw material. In developing countries, sanitary landfills are a common means of disposing of household waste. Landfills, however, face a number of environmental issues, including soil pollution, odour, and emission of methane gas. 15 million 20 million sq.m sq. m 1000tll/ 2QOOMN Countries such as China are therefore increasingly turning to incineration. In developed countries, on the other hand, incineration in conjunction with a waste heat recovery power plant is common. However, there are two major problems with such facilities. Equipment to scrub exhaust gases is expensive, and disposal of incinerator ash is an added cost. KHI turned its attention to these problems. It set out to utilize the high-temperature processing in cement manufacture to develop a zero– emission system that prevents air pollution, does not require disposal of incinerator ash, and is inexpensive. During product development, KHI emphasized the following points. • Reduced plant costs - no sorting or other preprocessing is required ; 63