Cement, Energy and Environment

require the full support of developed countries. Convergence on an institutional framework(advisory or subsidiary body) to contribute to these national efforts-The link to the chapter on financing must be worked out, b. TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY: Convergence on the need for regional centers to promote the transfer and development of technology for mitigation and adaptation, as well as on guidelines for North-South and South– South cooperation– Progress is needed on the link to financing and on issues related to IPRs. vi. Capacity building, a cross– cutting issue. vii. In Cancun, we can agree upon the institutional architecture and a number of concrete measures that are necessary the implementation Convention and Protocol. to achieve enhanced of the the Kyoto viii. An ambitious outcome in Cancun requires India's sustained political guidance and suuport. ix. Mexico is promoting greater dialogues with national and international businesses towards the CoP 16, and beyond- A first "Public - Private Sector Dialogue on Climate Change" was held on July 15 - 16, 2010 in Mexico City; Three additional thematic meetings (financing, carbon markets and technology) will take place ... before the Cancun Summit; A business exhibit on technology will take place in Cancun; inviting the participation of Indian companies that is considered very valuable. CLIMATE NEGOTIATIONS: WAY TO MEXICO FROM COPENHAGEN Going forward we need an inclusive text which can serve as negotiating document and political agreement on broad issues Neha Pahuja, member earth sciences and climate change diviston, TERI Climate change is undoubtedly one of the most critical challenges faced by humanity today and has witnessed increased momentum to coax a coherent global response. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol were the outcome of such an effort from the international community. Since 2005, international negotiations have focussed on a climate regime beyond 2012 with the formulation of Bali Action Plan (BAP) in 2007 as an ambitious roadmap to be able lead to the adoption of a comprehensive, ambitious and effective international climate change agreement in Copenhagen in December 2009. However, despite the urgency, the summit could not realize a unanimous and concrete outcome and resulted in Copenhagen Accord (CA) which was not accepted by all parties. It was merely taken not of as only a handful of nations were involved in drafting it. The accord led to widening mistrust amongst the negotiating parties. Besides, it also led to substantial uncertainty about the fate of climate negotiations given the emerging parallel tracks of CA and the two ad-hoc groups under the BAP, the Adhoc Working Group on Long Term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) and the Adhoc Working Group on Kyoto Protocol (AWG-KP). It was therefore important to rebuild trust and increase clarity on theCA and AWG relation. Six months after the Copenhagen summit, countries have come up with their pledges on emission reduction (almost all parties) and short term finance (Germany, Switzerland, etc.) which can be associated with the provisions of CA to submit their pledges on reducing their own GHG emissions until 2020 by 31 January, 2010 and to provide short term climate finance of US $ 30 billion for the period 2010-2012 and US $ 100 billion per year by 2020. Again , the level of commitment and ambition in these pledges is still low given these pledges translate into em1ss1on reductions of 11-19 per cent for developed countries and roughly 5-16 per cent for developing countries ( www. climateactiontracker.com ). Nevertheless, it is a promising start. However, the realization and effective implementation of these pledges is still open and would be the next important step. But, it is now utmost essential to ensu re there is no gap between the first and subsequent commitment periods as the first commitment period would end in 2012. Under the AWGs and its two sessions in Bonn , negotiations started with a positive note and a revised negotiating text as basis for further negotiations. But the text was not well received and termed imbalanced by many developing countries. Climate negotiations have a highly complex agenda and taking into account the large number of parties, reaching an 38 ( _A"