Cement, Energy and Environment

stability assessments have led to the development of terraced slope designs. These designs allow for stable excavation in soft rock while minimizing land use and environmental impact. Challenges and Future Directions While advancements in geotechnical tools have improved pit design, challenges remain, including: Data Variability: Geological variability poses challenges for consistent data interpretation and accurate slope design. Technology Integration: Incorporating AI and machine learning could enhance predictive capabilities in slope stability. Climate Impact: Increased rainfall and groundwater due to climate change necessitate adaptive strategies for pit slope design. Conclusion Geotechnical and slope stability studies are indispensable to the design of safe, economically viable open-pit mines. Through detailed geological mapping, testing, and modelling, these studies provide critical insights into pit design, enabling optimization of pit geometry and enhancement of mine safety. Future advancements in geotechnical tools and technologies will further strengthen pit design practices, ensuring the sustainability and safety of mining operations. References Hoek, E., & Brown, E. T. (1997). Practical estimates of rock mass strength. Brady, B. H. G., & Brown, E. T. (2004). Rock Mechanics for Underground Mining. Wyllie, D. C., & Mah, C. D. (2004). Rock Slope Engineering. 38