Cement, Energy and Environment

Low-Carbon Cement (LC3) presents an innovative solution in sustainable construction by significantly reducing carbon emissions in cement production. The unique blend of clinker, calcined clay, and limestone in LC3 offers lower carbon footprints than traditional Portland cement, potentially reducing emissions by up to 40%. In India, the adoption of LC3 cement faces unique challenges, primarily centered on raw material availability, production infrastructure, regulatory factors, and market acceptance. This paper critically examines these challenges, explores the availability of essential mineral resources, and evaluates the current and future market potential of LC3 cement in India. Recommendations are provided to foster LC3 production and market integration for a greener cement industry. Abstract Introduction India, being one of the largest cement producers globally, plays a critical role in contributing to sustainable cement Composition and Production of LC3 LC3 is composed of a tri-blend: • Clinker (~50-60% by weight) • Calcined Clay (~30-40%) • Limestone (~10-15%) Calcined clay contributes to both strength and durability while reducing dependence on clinker. The process uses less energy than traditional clinker production, enabling emissions reductions and cost savings. technologies. The cement sector is responsible for approximately 7-8% of the world’s CO emissions, with India's emissions primarily stemming from energy-intensive clinker production. LC3, which uses limestone, calcined clay, and clinker, has been developed as a promising alternative due to its lower clinker content and substantial emission reductions. Challenges of LC3 Production in India and Availability of Mineral Resources for LC3 Cement Production and its Market Potential Senior Geologist Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Limited Mrinmoy Chakraborty 33